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Vocabulary Review- CREATE YOUR POSTER TO SHARE WITH THE CLASS!!!

3/12/2015

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Investigating the Classification of Organisms/Animals

annelids – bilaterally symmetrical worms; have round, segmented bodies; terrestrial   and aquatic species; includes earthworms, leeches, and marine polychaetes

Archaea – all organisms in this domain are unicellular and prokaryotic;  they have a chemically different cell wall/cell membranes and unique genetics from Domain Bacteria

arthopods – largest animal group; have hard exoskeletons, segmented bodies, and pairs   of jointed appendages; land and aquatic species; includes insects, crustaceans, and spiders

Bacteria – all organisms in this domain are unicellular and prokaryotic; they have a strong exterior cell wall and a cell membrane composed much like Eukarya cell membranes

binomial nomenclature – two-word naming system developed by Carolus Linnaeus

chordates – organisms with internal skeletons and specialized body systems; most   have paired appendages; all at some time have a notochord, nerve cord, gill slits,  and a postanal tail; include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals

class – third-highest taxonomic category, below phylum (animals) or division (plant)

classify – to group ideas, objects, or information based on similarities

cnidarians – radially symmetrical organisms; have a digestive cavity with one opening; most have tentacles armed with stinging cells; live in aquatic environments singly  or in colonies; includes jellyfish, corals, hydra, and sea anemones

domain – one of the three broadest categories of organisms; based on cell type and rRNA analysis

division – second-highest taxonomic category in the plant and fungi kingdoms (in the animal kingdom, phylum replaces division)

echinorderms – marine organisms; have spiny or leathery skin and a water-vascular system with tube feet; are radially symmetrical; includes sea stars, sand dollars,  and sea urchins

Eukarya – all organisms in this domain have eukaryotic cells possessing membrane-bound organelles

family – the fifth-highest taxonomic category, below an order

genus – a group of similar organisms

kingdom – first and largest category in the scientific classification system or organisms; can be divided into smaller groups: phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species of the taxonomic categories

mollusks – soft-bodies animals, many with a hard shell and soft foot or foot-like   appendage; a mantle covers the soft body; aquatic and terrestrial species; includes  clams, snails, squid, and octopuses

order – the fourth-highest taxonomic category, below a class

species – smallest, most precise classification category

species diversity – variety of plants, animals, and other organisms

Investigating Photosynthesis/Plants

angiosperm – plant that produces flowers and seeds in fruits; examples include apple trees, squash, roses, grasses, oak trees, etc.

carbon dioxide - A colorless, odorless, incombustible gas formed during respiration, combustion, and organic decomposition

chlorophyll – a chemical in chloroplasts that can absorb or trap light energy

chloroplast – organelle in which photosynthesis takes place

ferns-vascular plants that use spores to reproduce; ferns are also characterized by leaves called fronds

food – material, usually of plant or animal origin, that contains or consists of essential body nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, or minerals, and is ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life

nonvascular plant – plant group containing mosses and liverworts

gymnosperm – vascular plant that produces “naked seeds”-seeds that do not have protective coverings, examples include ginkgo trees, cycads and conifers (pines, cedars, and junipers)

organelle – A differentiated structure within a cell, such as a mitochondrion, vacuole, or  chloroplast, that performs a specific function

oxygen - a colorless tasteless odorless gaseous element that constitutes 21 percent of the  atmosphere and is found in water, in most rocks and minerals, and in numerous  organic compounds

photosynthesis – using light to make glucose and oxygen

producers – organisms that make their own food (chemical energy)

vascular plant – plant containing vascular tissue

vascular tissue – long, tube like cells in which water and nutrients are transported through the plant   
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    Mr. Hetrick

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